Under the green high-quality development, technological innovation
brings technological advance which is a critical drive for human capital to
lead industrial structure adjustment. This paper, based on 2005 to 2020 panel
data of China’s 30 provinces, establishes a mediating effect regression model
with technological advance as mediating variable, which is employed to study
the whole region and each single region. Innovative human capital can improve
industrial structural upgrading through technological progress. Each region
needs to improve its industrial structural layout through increasing
educational and technological investment to improve innovative human capital
quality and quantity and then push industrial structural upgrading. Industrial
structural adjustment requires a higher quality and quantity in human capital
in more developed areas. Innovative human capital can largely promote
technological advances in the whole region, but more in the underdeveloped
areas where there are less technological advancing effects. Innovative new
human capital can promote a rationalized development of industrial structure in
the whole region by means of complete mediating effect, but unfavorable for
industrial upgrading. In developed regions where there is better self-innovative
capacity, a higher requirement of self-innovation on innovative human capital
will weaken the indirect effect of innovative human capital on industrial
structural adjustment, and intensify the direct effect, showing an indirect
effect of innovative human capital on industrial structure by masking effect.
In less-developed regions, innovative human capital has an indirect effect on
industrial structure through the mediating effect of technological advance,
mainly from understanding, adopting and copying imported technologies with
lower indirect effect. Driven by the Western Development Strategy, innovative
human capital can directly impact industrial structural upgrading in
underdeveloped regions. The potential impacting mechanism of innovative human
capital on industrial structural upgrading includes investing rate which
obviously plays a positive adjusting role in the eastern and western regions.
Except in the western region, financing level plays a strikingly positive
adjusting role while innovative human capital impacts industrial structural
upgrading. Innovative human capital impacts industrial structural
rationalization positively in the whole region. This paper presents suggestions
on boosting education of innovative human capital, establishing regional talent
cultivating system, improving self-innovative capacity and optimizing
industrial environment.